Miriam Cecibel Cardenas-Coronel, Miguel Cedillo Fajardo
School dropout in night-school programs is a complex phenomenon linked to a combination of work, economic, and family responsibilities. This study analyzes the relationship between work-related, socioeconomic, family, academic, and institutional factors and the risk of dropping out among students with incomplete schooling at the Nueve de Octubre Educational Unit in Machala. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and descriptive-correlational approach was employed. The sample consisted of 169 students drawn from a population of 300. An 18-item questionnaire was used; it was validated by expert judgment and demonstrated adequate reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.795). The results revealed moderate levels of economic issues (M = 3.36), comprehension difficulties (M = 3.32), and work-related interference with academic performance (M = 3.25). Furthermore, a statistically significant relationship was identified between the analyzed factors and the risk of dropping out (χ² = 444.899; df = 16; p < 0.001). It is concluded that dropout behavior stems from multiple interrelated factors. Recommendations include strengthening tutoring, academic bridging programs, attendance monitoring, pedagogical flexibility, and socio-emotional support.