Green Pesticide Organic Synthesis and Intelligent Delivery: Advances in Molecular Design and Nanotechnology Application.

Chemical pesticides have played a vital role in controlling agricultural pests and diseases. However, the long-term and excessive use of these pesticides has posed serious threats to human health and disrupted agroecosystems, leading to severe environmental pollution. In response to the growing global demand for sustainable agriculture, the development of green pesticides has emerged as a crucial research focus in modern agricultural science. In recent years, the integration of innovative molecular design strategies with nanotechnology applications has driven pest and disease control toward higher efficiency, precision, and environmental compatibility, significantly promoting the sustainable development of agricultural disease prevention and control. Research on green pesticides primarily focuses on the targeted optimization of molecular structures, the development of intelligent delivery systems, and the enhancement of ecological safety. This review highlights recent advances in key technologies for organic synthesis and intelligent delivery of green pesticides, with particular emphasis on molecular design, synthetic strategies, and nanotechnology applications. In addition, current challenges such as large-scale production and ecological safety concerns of nano-pesticides are discussed. Future research directions are proposed to provide theoretical foundations and technical support for the accelerated translation of green pesticide technologies from the laboratory to field applications.