Radar Concept

This chapter introduces the fundamental concepts and essential terminology required for a comprehensive understanding of radar systems, providing the theoretical foundation for all subsequent topics. It begins by outlining the primary categories of radars and explaining the operating principles of basic radiolocation systems. A core focus is defining the key mathematical relationships that underpin radar signal processing. These include the derivation and discussion of the radar range equation, performance metrics such as range and velocity resolution, and crucial analytical tools like correlation, matched filtering, and the ambiguity function. These concepts are presented with an emphasis on their direct relevance to the advanced signal processing techniques explored later in the book, establishing a coherent conceptual basis. By rigorously selecting only the most pertinent theoretical material, the chapter ensures readers acquire a clear and structured understanding of how radars function, what defines their performance, and which mathematical constructs form the analytical backbone of radar engineering. This carefully curated set of principles serves as the necessary entry point for the entire volume.