Camila Sousa Paiva, BARBARA GERALDINO
Exogenous intoxications represent a significant public health problem in Brazil due to their high frequency, potential severity, and impact on morbidity and mortality, in addition to their relevance for epidemiological surveillance and forensic toxicology. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile of exogenous intoxications reported in Brazil between 2010 and 2025, according to toxic agent, circumstance of exposure, case outcome, and sex distribution. This is an epidemiological, descriptive, and retrospective study based on secondary data obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), made available by DATASUS/TabNet. During the period, 2,358,325 notifications were recorded, with medications as the main toxic agent (50.99%) and suicide attempts as the main circumstance of exposure (1,052,518 notifications). Most cases resulted in recovery without sequelae (76.04%), but 19,409 deaths due to exogenous intoxication were recorded, with suicide attempts accounting for the highest absolute number of deaths, and violence/homicide and abuse showing the highest proportional case-fatality rates (1.84% and 1.15%, respectively). The distribution by sex revealed an inverse pattern between notifications and deaths: women predominated in notifications (1,377,585), whereas men accounted for the majority of deaths (11,319), particularly in the circumstances of suicide attempts, abuse, and violence/homicide, in which drugs of abuse played a relevant role. These findings reinforce the relevance of exogenous intoxications for epidemiological surveillance, forensic toxicology, and the development of sex-sensitive public health policies aimed at preventing and reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with these events.