ԱՐՀԵՍՏԱԿԱՆ ԲԱՆԱԿԱՆՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԳՈՐԾԻՔՆԵՐԻ ԿԻՐԱՌՄԱՆ ՎՏԱՆԳՆԵՐԸ ԿՈՂՄԵՐԻ ՀԱՎԱՍԱՐՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԵՎ ՎԿԱՆԵՐԻՆ ՀԱՐՑԱՔՆՆԵԼՈՒ ԵՎ ՀԱԿԱԴԱՐՁԵԼՈՒ ԻՐԱՎՈՒՆՔԻ ՀԱՄԱՏԵՔՍՏՈՒՄ

This article examines the risks associated with the use of artificial intelligence tools in the context of two fundamental components of the right to a fair trial: the principle of equality of arms and the right to examine and challenge witnesses. The article analyses how algorithmic systems used in digitalised judicial processes transform traditional mechanisms of evidence formation, evaluation, and contestation. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the opacity of such tools may limit the effective participation of parties in proceedings, weaken the adversarial nature of the trial, and hinder the effective challenge of technologically generated conclusions. It is also discussed that, in the context of unequal access to artificial intelligence tools—especially due to disparities in financial and professional resources—existing inequalities between parties may be significantly exacerbated. The study argues that mitigating these risks requires minimum standards of algorithmic transparency, independent oversight, and appropriate training of judicial actors, so that technology serves justice rather than undermines it. At the same time, the importance of developing coherent policies at both international and national levels is emphasised in order to ensure a sustainable balance between technological developments and fundamental rights.