Robust Optimization Scheduling of Multi-Microgrid Systems Considering Hydrogen Storage Characteristics and Energy-Sharing Station

To better meet the actual demand for local renewable energy consumption and accelerate the achievement of the “dual carbon” goals, this paper proposes a robust optimization model for a multi-microgrid integrated energy system that incorporates hydrogen storage characteristics and an energy-sharing station. First, a framework consisting of external energy networks, energy-sharing stations, and multi-microgrid systems is developed, and a specific system model is defined. Second, a multi-time-scale hydrogen energy storage model is designed to enhance renewable energy utilization and increase the seasonal supportive effect of electricity. Third, a typical scenario selection method is developed to capture short-term fluctuations, seasonal trends, and structural characteristics. This method combines the synchronous backward reduction method, the Quantity-Contour method, and the modified Ward method. Next, considering the uncertainty of renewable energy, a multi-scenario confidence gap decision model is constructed with the system operation cost as the optimization objective. Finally, a case study is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results show that the proposed approach can reduce the total annual operating cost of the system by 82.64% while increasing renewable energy utilization. This study provides a reference for the efficient use of renewable energy and cross-seasonal energy interaction in multi-microgrid integrated energy systems, thereby promoting low-carbon and sustainable social development.