Capacity optimization configuration method for multi-microgrids with shared hydrogen storage based on improved multi-objective whale optimization algorithm

With the transformation and upgrading of the power system’s energy structure, the large-scale integration of high proportions of renewable energy has become a key trend in the development of the power grid. As an emerging form of energy storage, the electricity-hydrogen hybrid energy storage system can effectively mitigate fluctuations in renewable energy power generation by using electrolytic hydrogen production technology. However, renewable energy sources are geographically dispersed, leading to persistent power curtailment issues. Additionally, hybrid energy storage systems lack efficient capacity allocation methods and advanced scheduling strategies. These factors pose significant challenges to the operational reliability and economic efficiency of modern power grids. Therefore, this study proposes a capacity optimization configuration method for multi-microgrids with shared hydrogen storage. Firstly, based on the power and capacity constraints of each device within the electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage microgrid, a control strategy for microgrid operation is designed. Secondly, an improved multi-objective whale optimization algorithm is employed to determine the capacity of energy storage and power generation equipment, and its effectiveness is validated. Lastly, the power flow characteristics of multiple microgrids are analyzed, and a cooperative operation control strategy for the multi-microgrid system with electric-hydrogen hybrid energy storage is proposed. The effectiveness and advantages of this method are demonstrated through case studies.