Research on Vibration and Noise of Oil Immersed Transformer Considering Influence of Transformer Oil

This study investigates the vibration and noise characteristics of oil-immersed power transformers, with a particular focus on the influence of transformer oil on structural dynamics and acoustic emission. The research integrates multi-physics modelling, finite-element simulation, and field measurements to analyze the vibration transmission paths from the core and windings to the tank wall. A fluid–structure interaction (FSI) model is developed to account for the damping effect of insulating oil, and a correction factor is introduced to adjust modal parameters. Simulation results reveal that oil significantly enhances vibration propagation, especially in the vertical direction, while structural ribs and clamping configurations affect local vibration intensity. Noise simulations show that magnetostriction is the dominant source of audible sound, with harmonic components sensitive to load and voltage variations. Experimental validation using a portable sound level meter confirms the simulation trends and highlights the spatial variability of acoustic pressure. The findings provide a theoretical and practical basis for optimizing sensor placement and developing voiceprint-based diagnostic tools for transformer condition monitoring.