Analisis pengaruh teknologi informasi dan komunikasi terhadap Produk Domestik Regional Bruto di Indonesia: Pendekatan model panel dinamis

Objectives – This study aims to analyze the influence of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Human Development Index (HDI), and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) in provinces in Indonesia.Methods – This study uses a quantitative approach with a dynamic panel data model using the Difference Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) in 33 provinces in Indonesia during the period 2015–2023.Findings – This study finds that FDI and ICT have a positive effect on GRDP, while HDI has a negative effect. FDI increases capital accumulation and technology transfer, while ICT boosts economic productivity and efficiency. However, HDI has not been fully accompanied by an increase in labor productivity.Implications – The implications of this study demonstrate the importance of strengthening foreign investment, accelerating digital transformation, and improving the quality of human resources in line with labor market needs.Originality – This study contributes to analyzing the relationship between FDI, HDI, and ICT on GRDP across provinces in Indonesia using the dynamic Difference GMM model. AbstrakTujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Human Development Index (HDI), dan Information and Communication Technology (ICT) terhadap Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) di provinsi-provinsi di Indonesia.Metode – Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan model data panel dinamis Difference Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) pada 33 provinsi di Indonesia selama periode 2015–2023.Temuan – Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa FDI dan ICT berpengaruh positif terhadap PDRB, sedangkan HDI berpengaruh negatif. FDI meningkatkan akumulasi modal dan transfer teknologi, sementara ICT mendorong produktivitas dan efisiensi ekonomi, tetapi HDI belum sepenuhnya diikuti oleh peningkatan produktivitas tenaga kerja.Implikasi – Implikasi penelitian menunjukkan pentingnya penguatan investasi asing, percepatan transformasi digital, dan peningkatan kualitas SDM yang selaras dengan kebutuhan pasar kerja.Orisinalitas – Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam menganalisis hubungan FDI, HDI, dan ICT terhadap PDRB antar provinsi di Indonesia menggunakan model dinamis Difference GMM.