Pharmacological management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by developmentally inappropriate levels of hyperactivity, impulsivity and/or inattention, with substantial impact on functioning. Stimulants (methylphenidate, dexamfetamine, lisdexamfetamine) are the main pharmacological treatment for children and adolescents with ADHD and are highly effective at reducing core ADHD symptoms. Non-stimulants such as atomoxetine, clonidine and guanfacine can also be useful in some patients.