Ureteric aspergillosis with obstructing fungal ball following partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma in an immunocompetent patient: A case report.

Renal aspergillosis is an uncommon complication of urological instrumentation. We report a 40-year-old immunocompetent male who developed upper ureteric Aspergillus flavus fungal ball obstruction one month following left partial nephrectomy for Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma Type 1. Prior history included DJ stenting and ureteroscopic stone clearance. He presented with left loin pain, malaise, and decreased urine output. CT demonstrated left hydroureteronephrosis without a discrete calculus. Emergency ureteroscopy successfully extracted the fungal ball. The patient completed three months of oral itraconazole 200 mg twice daily, with therapeutic serum trough levels confirmed, achieving complete clinical and radiological resolution.