Philip J. Richter, Sandy Graciano, Bruce W. Kennedy
It might be trite to state that cleaning dirty cages, their components, and animal environments results in wastes as an output to be managed. The result actually is very much a variety—combinations of solids, liquids, vapors, air-borne particles, biological hazards, chemical hazards, etc.—each with its own regulatory process to address both safety requirements and environmental consequences. Consolidating cage wash operations in several ways for waste management efficiency is also discussed.