Accuracy of removable partial denture frameworks fabricated by selective laser melting and conventional casting techniques: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: This systematic review aimed to compare the fit accuracy of removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) and conventional lost-wax (C-LW) casting techniques. METHODS: A comprehensive electronic and manual literature search was conducted for studies published between 2015 and 2025 across databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar. Five studies (in vitro and clinical) that directly compared fit accuracy of frameworks fabricated by SLM and C-LW casting technique were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane and QUIN tools. Data were synthesized and meta-analyzed, following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (2020 guidelines). RESULTS: All studies compared the fit accuracy of RPD frameworks fabricated using SLM versus the C-LW casting technique. Although all assessed overall RPD framework fit, one focused on retentive clasps, another used 3D surface scans, one evaluated fit before and after finishing/polishing, and two examined fit at the rest seat. The meta-analysis indicated that RPD frameworks produced with the C-LW casting technique had significantly greater fit accuracy than those made using SLM. Moderate heterogeneity among studies was observed, largely due to differences in measurement methods and study designs. CONCLUSIONS: Conventional casting showed better fit accuracy than SLM in fabricating RPD frameworks, supporting its continued use in prosthodontic practice. However, additional standardized clinical studies are necessary to validate these results and develop clear clinical guidelines.