A Descriptive Literature Review of Biologics and Immunomodulators in IBD for the Surgeon.

This review focusses on the use of pharmacological therapies in the management of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Understanding the pathophysiology of IBD has guided the development of medical therapies. This review discusses the shift towards a more personalised approach to IBD management and aims to improve the surgeons' understanding of available pharmacological agents. We discuss the use of immunomodulators and biologics, plus potential adverse reactions and contraindications. Lastly, we discuss future pharmacological therapies.