Factors Affecting Long-Term Outcomes and Quality of Life of Patients with Pituitary Adenoma After Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery (EETS) Using the SF-36 Questionnaire (Indonesian Version).

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of patients with pituitary adenoma following Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery (EETS) and identify factors influencing long-term outcomes. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Brain Center Hospital, Indonesia. Secondary data were obtained from medical records and the pituitary registry, while primary data were collected through patient interviews using the validated Indonesian version of the SF-36 questionnaire. Statistical analyses included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate linear regression with the backward method to identify independent predictors of QoL. RESULTS: Among 90 patients (45 males, 45 females), visual disturbances (85.6%) and hormonal deficiencies (93.3%) were common. Most had macroadenomas (95.6%) and received combined EETS and medical therapy (62.2%). Physical component scores (PCS) exceeded mental component scores (MCS). The highest domain scores were in physical functioning and role-emotional functioning; vitality and mental health had the lowest scores. Gender was significantly associated with four QoL domains, and hormonal deficiency affected the role-emotional domain. Multivariate analysis identified gender and hormonal deficiency as predictors of MCS (R2 = 74%); no factors significantly influenced PCS. CONCLUSION: Postoperative QoL after EETS is generally good in physical aspects but suboptimal in mental health. Gender and hormonal deficiency affect mental QoL, highlighting the need for holistic, long-term care strategies.