Conceptual analysis of disability stigma

ObjectiveTo systematically analyze the conceptual connotation,attributes,antecedents,and consequences of disability stigma by using the Rodgers evolutionary concept analysis method,in order to construct its theoretical framework and to provide a basis for developing assessment tools and intervention strategies in the nursing field.MethodsA systematic search of Chinese and English databases such as CNKI,WanFang Database,VIP Database,CBM,PubMed,EBSCO,Web of Science,EMbase,Scopus,etc.,were conducted.Following the structured procedures of Rodgers' method,the concept of disability stigma was conceptual analysised by examining its evolution,defining attributes,antecedents,consequences,and model cases.ResultsFour defining attributes of disability stigma were identified:derogatory identity representation,labeling stereotypes,social alienation and rejection,and structural power imbalance.Its antecedents originate from public attitudes and self-perception,while its consequences encompass health⁃related social withdrawal,negative physical and psychological outcomes,impaired family functioning,occupational rehabilitation barriers,and diminished overall well⁃being.ConclusionDisability stigma constitutes a dynamic process,socio⁃culturally constructed and reinforced through interpersonal interactions and institutional arrangements,which severely constrains the health outcomes and social participation of individuals with disabilities.The theoretical framework established in this study facilitates a deeper understanding of disability stigma from a nursing perspective,providing a valuable reference for developing multi⁃level,interdisciplinary anti-stigma interventions and advancing health equity policies.