Bo He
Restricted forms of Lagrange's four-square theorem, in which the representing variables are required to satisfy additional arithmetic conditions, have been studied from several points of view. Among the refinements proposed by Zhi-Wei Sun is the conjecture that every nonnegative integer has a representation \[ N=x^2+y^2+z^2+w^2,\qquad x,y,z,w\in\mathbb Z_{\ge0}, \] for which \[ x\ \text{and}\ x+24y\ \text{are perfect squares}. \] We prove this conjecture for all sufficiently large integers. The proof starts from an elementary parametrization of the two square conditions and combines a semi-linear two-squares sieve with Poisson summation, finite-field cancellation, and switching.