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◇ arXiv2026-08-24· math.AP

Shock profiles for the cutoff Boltzmann equation of a binary gas mixture

Renjun Duan, Zongguang Li, Zhu Zhang

原始摘要(英文原文)· Original abstract
We prove the existence of small-amplitude traveling shock profiles for the one-dimensional Boltzmann equation of a binary gas mixture with angular cutoff potentials in the full range $-3<γ\le 1$. The result extends the classical construction of Caflisch and Nicolaenko from hard potentials to the cutoff soft-potential regime. Indeed, the argument of proofs combines a Lyapunov--Schmidt reduction of the macroscopic component to a Burgers equation with an accelerated backward bi-characteristic method and a weighted $L^2$--$L^\infty$ iteration. Acceleration restores a uniformly positive collision frequency, compensating for the lack of a spectral gap for soft potentials, while the $L^2$--$L^\infty$ framework accommodates the absence of velocity smoothing induced by the cutoff, including a possible singularity along the grazing characteristic $v_1=s$. The shock profile tends to the Rankine--Hugoniot bi-Maxwellians at a mixed exponential rate as $|x|\to \infty$, with a sub-exponential remainder of order $|\varepsilon x|^{2/(3-γ)}$.
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