Assessment of Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Anterior Wall ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction After 48 Hours in the Cardiac Emergency.

Background This study aimed to compare left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before and 48 hours after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) using paired assessments in patients presenting with anterior wall ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methodology This prospective, observational, before-and-after study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology, Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology (FIC), Faisalabad, from June 12, 2021, to December 11, 2021. A total of 50 patients of either gender aged 18 to 50 years with acute anterior wall STEMI undergoing PPCI in the emergency were included. Patients with coronary artery bypass graft, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter or complete heart block, cardiogenic shock, and valvular heart disease were excluded. PPCI with stenting was performed using the standard technique on all eligible consenting patients as per the department's protocol. All data were collected on a performa by the primary investigator. Two-dimensional echocardiography with color Doppler was performed at baseline and at 48 hours after PPCI, and LVEF was estimated. Results The age range in this study was from 18 to 50 years, with a mean age of 38.74 ± 7.50 years. The majority of the patients (35, 70.0%) were between 36 and 50 years of age. Out of the 50 patients, 27 (54.0%) were male, and 23 (46.0%) were female, with a ratio of 1.2:1. Left ventricular systolic function improved from a baseline of 39.46 ± 4.63% to 56.36 ± 4.68% after PPCI performed in emergency in patients with anterior wall STEMI (p = 0.001). Conclusions Left ventricular systolic function (LVEF) is improved 48 hours after PPCI in patients with anterior wall STEMI in cardiac emergency.