Artificial Intelligence in Febrile Neutropenia: From Risk Scores to Real-Time Clinical Decision Support.

Febrile neutropenia remains one of the most urgent and clinically challenging complications in oncology care, where timely recognition and decision-making can significantly influence outcomes. While traditional risk assessment tools have long supported clinicians in stratifying patients, they are limited in their ability to adapt to the complexity and rapidly changing nature of clinical situations. In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being explored as a way to complement existing approaches and support more responsive and individualized care. This editorial discusses how the role of AI in febrile neutropenia is evolving, moving from static risk scoring systems toward the possibility of real-time clinical decision support. It highlights both the potential of these tools to enhance clinical workflows and the practical challenges that still need to be addressed before widespread adoption. As these technologies continue to develop, careful integration into clinical practice may help improve how clinicians assess risk and manage patients with febrile neutropenia.