Optimization of concrete with nanosilica and rice husk ash: mechanical properties, durability, and artificial intelligence

This review examines the incorporation of nanosilica (NS) and rice husk ash (RHA) into concrete as a strategy to enhance its mechanical properties and durability, while simultaneously reducing the environmental impact associated with the intensive use of Portland cement. Various studies are analyzed, demonstrating the additional formation of C-S-H gel as a result of the pozzolanic activity of these additives, which improves the concrete’s microstructure and reduces its porosity. Furthermore, the role of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly through artificial neural networks, is highlighted as a means to optimize the design and performance of modified concrete, both in terms of physical properties and carbon footprint. Finally, optimal dosage levels are discussed, and the performance is compared to that of conventional concrete, offering valuable conclusions for its application in sustainable infrastructure projects