Efficacy of goserelin combined with laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis and its effects on ovarian function and oxidative stress.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of goserelin (GOS) combined with laparoscopic surgery (LS) in the treatment of endometriosis (EMS), and its effects on ovarian function and oxidative stress (OS). METHODS: A total of 208 patients with EMS were enrolled in this retrospective study. The control group (n=102) received LS alone, while the research group (n=106) received GOS combined with LS. The endpoints included therapeutic efficacy, time to ovulation resumption, time to menstrual recovery, dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, ovarian function indices [follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH)], inflammatory markers [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α], OS indices [reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP)], adverse reactions, and postoperative recurrence. Subgroup analyses were performed by stratifying patients based on age, ovarian cyst diameter, and American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) classification. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the research group showed the following significant differences: (1) The total effective rate was notably higher, and the time to ovulation resumption and menstrual recovery was significantly shorter; (2) Postoperative dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain were evidently relieved, and the postoperative levels of FSH, E2, LH, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, ROS, MDA, and AOPP were statistically lower; (3) The recurrence rates at 6 months and 1 year after surgery were significantly reduced (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the overall incidence of adverse reactions between groups (P>0.05). The interactions of age, ovarian cyst diameter, and ASRM classification with therapeutic efficacy were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). CONCLUSION: On the basis of LS, the addition of GOS is effective for the treatment of EMS, and it exerts positive effects on improving ovarian function and inhibiting OS.