Survival analysis and prognostic factors of mature T-cell and natural killer/T-cell neoplasms in Colombian patients from 2008-2025.

BACKGROUND: T-cell lymphomas show global variation, but research in Latin America remains limited. The main outcome This study aimed to determine, subtype distribution frequency, treatment, and overall survival of T-cell lymphoma. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 101 patients with mature T/NK-cell neoplasms (2008-2025). Survival (OS and PFS) was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox models. RESULTS: Median age was 58 years. PTCL-NOS (31.7%), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (20.8%), and extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (18.8%) were the most frequent subtypes. The 36-month OS was 57.8% and PFS was 42.1%. Significant prognostic heterogeneity was observed, with anaplastic large cell lymphoma showing the best and T-prolymphocytic leukemia the poorest outcomes. In multivariable analysis, ECOG status ≥2 independently predicted higher mortality (HR = 2.73, p<0.001), while low LDH levels reduced risk (HR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.08-0.61; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the marked clinical heterogeneity of T-cell lymphomas and validate the prognostic value of ECOG and LDH in Latin America.