ԺԱՄԱՆԱԿԱԿԻՑ ԻՐԱՎԱՀԱՍԿԱՑՄԱՆ ՀԱՅԵՑԱԿԱՐԳԱՅԻՆ ՄՈՏԵՑՈՒՄՆԵՐԻ ԲՈՎԱՆԴԱԿԱՅԻՆ ԱՌԱՆՁՆԱՀԱՏԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐՆ ԻՐԱՎՈՒՆՔԻ ՏԵՍՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԵՎ ՊՐԱԿՏԻԿԱՅԻ ՏԵՍԱՆԿՅՈՒՆԻՑ

The history and theory of legal thought and jurisprudence are permeated by the struggle between two opposing types of legal understanding. These two types of interpretation of the understanding of law and legal understanding may conditionally be called the juridical and the legist conceptual approaches to legal understanding. These two conceptual approaches to legal understanding are based on different concepts of the notion of law and different directions of its interpretation. In modern jurisprudence, the process of modernization of the doctrine of law and legal understanding continues. This process emerged at the end of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century due to the change in the socio-political paradigm. The search for modern approaches to law, the revision and analysis of models already known in legal theory, as well as the development of new models, constitute an important stage in the formation of the modern theory of state and law and represent an issue of great relevance both theoretically and practically. It is evident that the complexity of resolving the problems of the theory of law is conditioned not so much by the absence of a unified definition of law, although such a definition is itself highly important, but rather by the variability of social life and of perceptions concerning that life. For this reason, the problems of the theory of law have not yet received a final solution. The process of rethinking fundamental legal concepts, including the concept of law, outlines the formulation and development of the main theoretical structures and models of legal regulation. The plurality of approaches to law and the diversity of its perception are fully consistent with the contemporary development of the humanities and do not constitute a sign of crisis or a specific feature of jurisprudence. The same diversity of propositions is observed in questions concerning the meaning and concept of society, politics, in the fields of jurisprudence, sociology, cultural studies, and power. Within jurisprudence, even an approximate similarity of views among scholars has not yet been achieved as to how law should be understood. The diversity of research interpretations concerning the nature of law is balanced by the unity of views of representatives of state authority who adhere to liberal and democratic standards, including in the assessment of law. At the same time, liberal legal thinking and legal perception are not always receptive to the particularities of the legal culture of a transforming society in terms of comprehension and evaluation. Summarizing the above, it should be noted that legal cognition deals with historically changing reality, law, and legal understanding.