Causal Relationships among Artificial Intelligence Capability, Organizational Innovation Climate, Digital Infrastructure Readiness and Educational Quality of Thai Private Universities

This study aims to examine the causal relationships among Artificial Intelligence Capability, Organizational Innovation Climate, Digital Infrastructure Readiness, and Educational Quality (SDG 4) of Thai private universities in Bangkok, Thailand. The sample comprised 250 university personnel in private universities in Bangkok, Thailand. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to validate the multidimensional measurement models of all latent constructs. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to find the causal relationships among variables. The SEM results revealed that artificial intelligence capability exerted significant positive effects on digital infrastructure readiness (β = 0.512, p < 0.001) and educational quality (β = 0.318, p < 0.001). Organizational innovation climate also had a significant positive effect on digital infrastructure readiness (β = 0.447, p < 0.001) and educational quality (β = 0.276, p < 0.001), while digital infrastructure readiness directly enhanced educational quality (β = 0.394, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis further demonstrated that digital infrastructure readiness significantly mediated the relationships between artificial intelligence capability and Educational Quality (indirect effect β = 0.202, p < 0.001) and between organizational innovation climate and Educational Quality (indirect effect β = 0.176, p < 0.001). This study confirmed that technological capability, organizational climate, and digital infrastructure readiness can increase educational quality in higher education contexts.