Between Promise and Concern: Experts Perspectives and Science Communication on Genetically Modified Foods in Nigeria

The introduction of genetically modified foods (GMFs) as a means of addressing the growing food security challenge in Nigeria has thrown up quite a number of mixed narratives and divergent views among experts and even the citizens. This is due to the widespread apprehensions about health and safety, ecological impacts, technological capability, external influence, and public confidence in regulatory bodies. This study therefore investigated expert perspectives on genetically modified foods and its implications on science communication in Nigeria. The study was anchored on constructivist theory. The study employed a qualitative research design by way of In-depth interview with experts such as agricultural scientists, biotechnologists, nutritionists, regulatory agency officials and bioethicists. The Data was analysed by way of thematic analysis using the Nvivo 15 application. Findings from the study indicated that the rationale from experts for advocating GMFs focused on economic advantages, enhanced productivity, biotechnological progress, food safety, and possible health improvements. On the other hand, objections to their implementation were linked to health and safety issues, insufficient public knowledge, external influence, diminished soil productivity, limited technological capability, opposition and ambiguity, disinformation, lack of faith in policy, and religious factors. The results suggest that the discourse on GMFs in Nigeria transcends a mere pro- or anti-biotechnology dichotomy, encompassing scientific, economic, institutional, cultural, and political factors. The study therefore recommends that governmental and regulatory bodies ought to formulate policies that optimise the agricultural and nutritional advantages of GMFs, while concurrently addressing issues pertaining to environmental sustainability, human health, biodiversity preservation, and socioeconomic equity. Keywords: Genetically modified foods, expert opinions, food security, health and safety, Nigeria.