The effect of the use of a biogenic stimulant and cytokines on the immunological status of pregnant cows with extragenital pathology (anemia)

The aim of the experiment was to study the effectiveness of vaccination of deep-wall cows with anemia against viral infection against the background of the use of biogenic stimulants and cytokines, their effect on the immune status. The study involved cows (n=25) of red-mottled breed in the third trimester of pregnancy, healthy and diagnosed with anemia. Animals with anemia were treated with a biogenic stimulator based on hydrophilic cryofraction of the spleen (BoHCFS) and its combination with cytokines (BoGM-CSF, BoIFN-α, BoIFN-λ). The drugs were administered intramuscularly three times with an interval of 48 hours. The introduction of the above –mentioned pharmacological agents was carried out 1 week before the re-introduction of the «HIPRABOVIS 4» vaccine, which was used 60 and 30 days before the planned calving date of the cows. It has been established that in animals with anemia, the level of neutrophils capable of phagocytosis remains, but their absorption and digesting ability decreases. They also have a decrease in the activity of the complement system and the number of B-lymphocytes. Later, during pregnancy, the noted negative changes in the immune system not only persist, but also intensify. The use the BoHCFS-based drug enhanced the spontaneous and stimulated NBT test by 41.2 and 13.0%, increased the phagocytic number and index by 11.1 and 10.4%, and the number of T and B lymphocytes by 43 and 70.2%, respectively. All this was reflected in the level of total immunoglobulines and bactericidal activity of blood serum, which increased by 15.4 and 5.1% respectively. As a result, most of the indicators reached the values of healthy animals, but the level of phagocytic activity of neutrophils and lysozyme activity of blood serum was still lower. The combination of BoHCFS with BoGM-CSF, BoIFN-α and BoIFN-λ made it possible to completely neutralize the system and increase the effectiveness of vaccination of deep-bed cows.