Luke M. Western, Matthew Rigby, Jens Mühle, Paul B. Krummel, Chris Lunder, Simon O’Doherty, Stefan Reimann, Martin K. Vollmer, Dickon Young, B.O. Adam, Paul J. Fraser, Anita L. Ganesan, Christina M. Harth, Ove Hermansen, Jooil Kim, R. L. Langenfelds, Zoë Loh, Blagoj Mitrevski, Joseph Pitt, Peter K. Salameh, Roland Schmidt, Kieran Stanley, Ann R. Stavert, Ray H. J. Wang, Ray F. Weiss, Ronald G. Prinn
Abstract. Measurements from the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) combined with a global 12-box model of the atmosphere have long been used to estimate global emissions and surface mean mole fraction trends of atmospheric trace gases. Here, we present annually updated estimates of these global emissions and mole fraction trends for 42 compounds through 2023 measured by the AGAGE network, including chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen trifluoride, methane, nitrous oxide, and selected other compounds. The data sets are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15372480 (Western et al., 2025). We describe the methodology to derive global mole fraction and emissions trends, which includes the calculation of semihemispheric monthly mean mole fractions, the mechanics of the 12-box model and the inverse method that is used to estimate emissions from the observations and model. Finally, we present examples of the emissions and mole fraction data sets for the 42 compounds.