Dangdut music in rhythmic gymnastics: effects on emotion, behavioral intention, and public engagement in Indonesia

Introduction: Dangdut music represents a culturally significant musical form in Indonesia, yet its role in rhythmic gymnastics and audience responses remains underexplored in sport and cultural studies. Objective: This study examines the role of dangdut music in rhythmic gymnastics and its effects on emotional response, behavioral intention, and public engagement in Indonesia. Methods: A quantitative design was used with a survey of 427 Indonesian respondents. Data were analyzed using SPSS & SmartPLS, and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings: Familiarity, rhythm, attractiveness, and tempo significantly influence emotional response. Emotional response significantly affects behavioral intention and public engagement, and behavioral intention, in turn, positively influences public engagement. Discussion: Findings indicate that culturally familiar music enhances emotional engagement in sport performances. Dangdut music strengthens the audience's emotional connection, which drives behavioral intention and increases public engagement. This supports the importance of integrating local cultural elements in aesthetic sports to enhance audience experience. Conclusion: Dangdut music plays a significant role in enhancing emotional response and audience engagement in rhythmic gymnastics. Its cultural familiarity contributes to stronger emotional and behavioral outcomes, offering practical implications for sport organizers to design more engaging and culturally relevant performances.