Arzu Seyrek
This study aims to reveal the similarities and differences between the two countries by comparatively examining the effects of education policies, educational investments, socioeconomic and financial indicators on student achievement in the context of STEM education implemented in Türkiye and Brazil . The study was carried out with the comparative document analysis method, which is one of the qualitative research designs. The data sources used in the study are education indicators published by the OECD, PISA result reports and current academic studies in the field of STEM education. The findings show that education expenditures per student in both countries remain below the OECD average, which is an important factor limiting student achievement. However, it has been determined that Türkiye has invested more in basic education and Brazil in higher education. When the PISA results were examined, it was seen that both countries lagged behind the OECD average in mathematics, science and reading, but the performance of middle and upper socio-economic groups in Türkiye was higher than in Brazil. The research findings reveal that socio-economic factors are one of the key determinants of student achievement in both countries. In addition, it was concluded that teacher training systems and policies for STEM education differ between countries, but there is an important need to increase the quality of teachers and ensure gender equality in the field of STEM in both countries. In this context, it is recommended to increase education investments, develop policies that strengthen equal opportunities, and support STEM education with application-based approaches.