Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward screening of colorectal cancer among adults in Kuwait primary health care centers.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of colorectal cancer has been increasing both globally and in Kuwait. Early identification and treatment are essential to reduce its morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward screening of colorectal cancer among adults in Kuwait. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted across six governorates in Kuwait, including patients aged 18 years and above. Data were collected using an interview-administered questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed to evaluate participants' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding colorectal cancer screening. RESULTS: A total of 367 respondents were included; most were females (59.7%), Kuwaiti (85.4%), and university graduates (63.2%). Regarding the knowledge about colorectal cancer, although 60.8% of participants had heard of colorectal cancer screening, 35.7% of the respondents showed poor knowledge and only 22.6% had good knowledge. Older patients (P = 0.040), patients with higher educational levels (P < 0.001), and those with prior awareness of screening (P < 0.001) showed better knowledge about colorectal cancer. Participants who had heard of screening showed significantly higher behaviors (P = 0.006) and attitude scores (P = 0.008). Less than 10% underwent colon cancer screening (9.5%), with embarrassment (37.1%) and perceived cultural constraints (17%) being the most common barriers to colonoscopy. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated low levels of knowledge and screening uptake, particularly among younger participants, those with lower educational levels, and individuals who had not undergone screening. Nonetheless, participants showed positive attitudes toward colorectal cancer screening. Enhancing knowledge through awareness campaigns and targeted public health initiatives is essential.