Contraceptive practices among spouses of individuals with schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The reproductive and sexual health needs of spouses of individuals with schizophrenia often go unaddressed in psychiatric care. These caregivers face considerable burden, which can affect contraceptive use and elevate risks related to fertility and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). AIM: To assess the prevalence and patterns of contraceptive use, preferred methods, and reproductive health concerns, including fertility issues and STI history, among spouses of individuals with schizophrenia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary psychiatric facility in India and included 60 spouses of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic details, clinical profiles of patients, and reproductive health practices of spouses. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. RESULTS: Participants had a mean age of 35.58 ± 7.11 years, with equal representation of both genders. Most belonged to lower socioeconomic strata (78.3%) and had marriages lasting over 10 years. The average illness duration among patients was 5.08 ± 3.52 years, with 66.7% receiving irregular treatment. Sexual dysfunction was reported in 41.7% of patients, and 36.7% had comorbid substance use. Only 35% of spouses used contraception, predominantly barrier methods (15%) and hormonal methods (11.7%). Fertility problems were noted in 8.3%, and 15% had a history of STIs. CONCLUSION: Contraceptive use is low, and reproductive health risks are notable among spouses of individuals with schizophrenia. The study underscores the need for integrated, family-focused psychiatric services that also address caregivers' sexual and reproductive health.