Comparative Evaluation of Concentrated Growth Factor and Platelet-rich Fibrin on Healing of Periapical Lesions using Cone Beam Computed Tomography - An In Vivo Study.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, platelet concentrates have been extensively researched for bone regeneration. AIM: The aim of this study is to quantitatively evaluate and compare bone regeneration potential in periapical lesions using concentrated growth factor (CGF) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty subjects with periapical lesions measuring 10-20 mm in relation to maxillary and mandibular incisors indicated for periapical surgery were selected. Preoperative bone density values at the periapical region were measured using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Root canal treatment was completed appropriately in all cases. Under adequate local anesthesia, periapical surgery was performed. The 20 subjects were randomly divided into two groups with 10 subjects in each group. Group I: Periapical bone defect filled with PRF and Group II: Periapical bone defect filled with CGF. The mucoperiosteal flaps were repositioned and sutured. Bone density evaluation of the periapical region was done 6 months and 1 year after surgery using CBCT. The Hounsfield unit values obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using an independent samples t-test for inter-group comparison. The intragroup comparison was done by one-way repeated measure analysis of variance and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test. RESULTS: In Group I and Group II, a statistically significant difference was observed at the end of 6 months and 1 year, when compared to the preoperative bone density values. There was no statistically significant difference in bone density values between the PRF and CGF groups at both 6 months and 1-year postoperative observation periods. CONCLUSION: PRF and CGF were equally effective in promoting bone regeneration and can be considered a valuable option for the enhancement of healing in periapical bone defects.