Combined detection of CXCR7 and CXCL12 for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction and predicting post-percutaneous coronary intervention major adverse cardiovascular events.

BACKGROUND: To explore the diagnostic utility of combined CXCR7 and CXCL12 testing in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and its predictive value for post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). METHODS: This study enrolled 164 AMI patients and 54 healthy controls from January to June 2024. All patients received standardized PCI and were followed for 12 months. Serum CXCR7 and CXCL12 concentrations were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while NT-proBNP was quantified with an automated biochemical analyzer. Comparative analyses of biomarker levels between groups were conducted, along with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for combined diagnostic performance. Dynamic changes in CXCR7/CXCL12 were also assessed in relation to postoperative MACE. RESULTS: Pre-treatment concentrations of CXCR7 and CXCL12 were markedly higher in the AMI group relative to controls. The combined detection achieved an AUC value of 0.812 for diagnosing AMI, superior to individual indicators (P< 0.05). Both markers decreased significantly following PCI (P< 0.05). Those who developed MACE exhibited higher post-treatment CXCR7 and CXCL12 levels compared to non-MACE cases; their combined AUC reached 0.806 for predicting post-PCI MACE (P< 0.05). While NT-proBNP demonstrated strong diagnostic accuracy for AMI (AUC = 0.893), it failed to predict post-PCI MACE (P> 0.05). This discrepancy may reflect NT-proBNP's primary association with acute myocardial injury rather than chronic microvascular dysfunction or endothelial repair processes implicated in MACE. CONCLUSIONS: The favorable diagnostic performance of CXCR7 and CXCL12 for AMI and post-PCI MACE suggests their potential as a novel protocol for the clinical assessment of AMI.