In Vitro Assessment of Antidiabetic Activity of Ethanolic Seed Extract of Abutilon crispum

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that requires effective and safer therapeutic approaches. The present study investigated the in vitro antidiabetic activity of the ethanolic seed extract of Abutilon crispum by evaluating its α-amylase inhibitory potential. Mature seeds were collected, shade-dried, powdered, and extracted with ethanol using the maceration technique. The prepared extract was tested at different concentrations, with metformin serving as the reference drug for comparison. The extract demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition of α-amylase activity, with an IC50 value of 66.21µg/mL, indicating promising antidiabetic activity. The observed enzyme inhibitory effect may be attributed to the presence of phytoconstituents such as flavonoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, which are known to influence carbohydrate-digesting enzymes. These findings suggest that the ethanolic seed extract of Abutilon crispum could serve as a potential natural source for the development of antidiabetic agents. However, further in vivo investigations, phytochemical characterization, and toxicity studies are necessary to establish its safety, efficacy, and therapeutic potential.