Application of Acupressure and Breathing Techniques During Gentle Birth: A Qualitative Study of Midwives’ and Doulas’ Experiences

Background: Fear of labor pain may influence women's preferences during childbirth, highlighting the need for non-pharmacological approaches. Acupressure and breathing techniques have been used during labor; however, research has largely focused on effectiveness, while limited research has explored their practical application and adaptation to maternal condition and comfort in gentle birth. This study aimed to explore midwives' and doulas' experiences in applying these techniques during gentle birth. Methods: This study employed a qualitative descriptive design. Seven midwives/doulas were purposively selected as primary informants and interviewed until no new information emerged. One senior midwife and one Traditional Chinese Medicine practitioner served as key and supporting informants, respectively. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed thematically. Ethical approval was obtained from the Nalanda Institute LRPM Team. Results: Acupressure application varied according to maternal condition and stage of labor, supporting contractions and labor progression, pain relief, and maternal comfort. Breathing techniques adapted to labor intensity and stage, progressing from deep abdominal breathing to vocalized and blowing breathing as contractions intensified and the baby was expelled. Conclusion: This study highlights the application of acupressure and breathing techniques in gentle birth. The findings provide insights into individualized non-pharmacological support and may inform midwifery and doula practice.