The main sources for the production of inexpensive fish feeds for the cultivation of sturgeon and herbivorous fish in the conditions of the Zhaiyk-Caspian basin

Based on the literature and our own data, this article presents sources of available raw materials of animal and plant origin for the production of inexpensive fish feeds that can be used in the cultivation of sturgeon and herbivorous fish in the Zhaiyk–Caspian basin. Analysis of the results of the study showed that numerous atherina (Atherina caspia) can act as a raw material of animal origin, the body of which corresponds in its chemical composition to sprat (Clupeonella engrauliformis). According to the latest data, the commercial stock of atherina in the studied water area is estimated at 7.7 billion specimens in 2024. with a biomass of 41.6 thousand tons and a recommended catch of 7.0 thousand tons, indicating that the population is constantly maintaining its stable level. As for the raw materials of plant origin, the preference is given to southern reed (Phragmites australis). The inclusion of atherina and southern reed in feed production will significantly reduce the cost of feed and increase the economic efficiency of fisheries enterprises.