Design and implementation of a general-purpose board with an electrical regulator module as a power supply for a five-degree-of-freedom robotic arm integrating an ESP32

This article presents the design and implementation of an optimized electrical power supply system for the C-4/EV robotic arm with five degrees of freedom, aimed at replacing the use of multiple sources with a centralized architecture based on a 12 V DC source. The proposal integrates a general purpose printed circuit board, an adjustable Buck-type DC-DC converter, capacitive decoupling filters, common ground planes, and expansion ports for future control or instrumentation stages. The developed system seeks to improve electrical stability, reduce susceptibility to electromagnetic noise generated by the switching of the NEMA 17 actuators, and decrease errors associated with prototype wiring. Likewise, power regulation and distribution on a PCB provide a compact and robust solution, establishing a technical basis for laboratory practices in electronic instrumentation, applied to the teaching learning process in the Electrical and Electronic Engineering program within an academic environment focused on technological development and experimental validation of robotic systems.