Adsorption–Degradation Integrated Approaches to Mycotoxin Removal from Food Matrices: A Comprehensive Review

Mycotoxin contamination is a crucial issue in food safety. However, the removal of trace amounts of mycotoxins from complex food and feed matrices without significant loss of nutritional and flavor quality remains a significant challenge. The integrated adsorption-catalysis strategy involves immobilizing catalytic modules onto adsorption materials, enabling in situ degradation while enriching the mycotoxins. This approach can significantly reduce the dosage of detoxification agents and achieve efficient removal of trace mycotoxins in food. This review provides an overview of adsorbents with enrichment capabilities and their applications in the targeted removal of mycotoxins from food. The adsorption-degradation coupled systems are categorized into the following two main types: adsorption-photocatalysis coupled systems and adsorption-biocatalysis coupled systems. The review introduces recent advances in the design of bifunctional catalysts, focusing on their synergistic mechanisms and practical applications for detoxifying various mycotoxins in food matrices. Finally, the review discusses current industrial challenges and offers insights into future directions for this field.