Veljko Ilić, Sanja Milutinović‐Smiljanić, Vladimir Biočanin, Jovana Kuzmanović Pfićer, Tatjana Tasić, Vesna Danilović, Nina Japundžić‐Žigon, Smiljana Paraš, Vukoman Jokanović, Dejan Ćetković, Đorđe Antonijević
Although biocompatible calcium silicate cements (CSCs) and calcium aluminate cements (CACs) may induce local and systemic adverse effects. This study aimed to evaluate the subchronic and chronic effects of experimental CAC and CSC mixtures on rat liver, kidney, brain, and spleen tissue. Two experimental mixtures, CAC with added ZrO2 (ECCA + ZrO2) and CSC with added ZrO2 (ECCS + ZrO2), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), were implanted intraalveolary in 36 male Wistar rats. Histomorphometry was conducted after 30 and 180 days on liver, kidney, brain, and spleen. Consistent results were observed in all material groups. Liver tissue inflammation ranged from none to minimal for all three materials. In kidney, ECCA + ZrO2 displayed a slightly better result than other two materials. In brain, after 180 days, both ECCA + ZrO2 and MTA showed a statistically significant reduction in perineural vacuolation (p < 0.05), and MTA showed a reduction in the percentage of intravascular congestion (p < 0.05). In spleen, a larger lymphoid follicle diameter was observed for ECCS + ZrO2 chronic group compared to other two materials (p < 0.05). ECCA + ZrO2, ECCS + ZrO2, and MTA caused none to minimal changes in liver, kidney, brain, and spleen following subchronic and chronic exposure.