Coordinated Frequency Regulation Control Strategy for Wind-Storage Systems Based on Dynamic Weighting Coefficients and Model Predictive Control

Wind-storage coordinated frequency regulation enhances the frequency stability of large-scale wind power systems. However, existing methods often rely on fixed parameters, limiting adaptability and accelerating energy storage depletion. To address these limitations, a coordinated control strategy based on dynamic weighting coefficients and model predictive control (MPC) is proposed. First, a dynamic weighting mechanism is designed to adaptively adjust the contributions of virtual inertia and droop control based on the system frequency state and the energy storage system’s (ESS) state of charge (SOC), thereby avoiding abrupt power variations and maintaining the SOC within safe limits. Second, an MPC-based rolling optimization model is established to continuously allocate the active power outputs between the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) and the ESS, aiming to minimize both frequency deviations and regulation costs. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed strategy. Under a step load disturbance, the maximum frequency deviation is reduced by 11.3%, and the peak time is shortened by 13% compared to conventional droop control. Furthermore, under continuous load fluctuations, the proposed approach significantly mitigates SOC depletion and minimizes system frequency fluctuations, proving its effectiveness in enhancing the frequency resilience of wind-storage combined systems.