Application of Electromagnetic Ultrasonic Testing Technology in Pipeline Defects

Pipelines, as critical carriers for energy transportation, are prone to defects such as cracks and corrosion during long-term operation. Traditional testing methods exhibit limitations in various aspects, while electromagnetic ultrasonic testing technology, leveraging its advantages of non-contact operation and couplant-free application, has emerged as a significant direction for pipeline integrity assessment. This paper analyzes the advantages of EMAT guided wave testing technology in achieving long-distance and rapid screening of pipelines, as well as the strengths of bulk wave testing technology in high-precision quantitative evaluation. It also examines the unique value of obliquely incident SV waves in the directional identification of weld defects. Furthermore, the paper discusses the potential of integrating EMAT with multiple technologies, demonstrating how multi-physical field synergy enhances detection reliability. Finally, it summarizes the remaining challenges in practical engineering applications, providing references for advancing the field toward intelligent and high-precision development.