The Effects of Spatial Experience and Preferences in Smart Classrooms on Student Learning Engagement

A smart classroom integrates emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things and cloud computing, optimizes resource allocation, and transforms classroom interaction. A smart classroom encourages students to participate in a pressing concern as Chinese institutions steadily promote the development and implementation of such classrooms. Identifying the key spatial factors that influence learning engagement is essential. Current work has identified learning factors for a smart classroom that encourage dealing with learning environments, perceptions, experiences, and engagement by following a learner-centered educational philosophy. A questionnaire was designed to collect data from the Yibin Campus of Chengdu University of Technology and data was collected by using a survey method. The statistical analysis was applied to 156 valid student perception samples, which were empirically explored. Four factors related to classroom infrastructure and design are examined: physical environment, spatial layout, table and chair design, and technological equipment. Among these, technological equipment has the strongest effect on learning engagement. The findings provide practical guidance for designers seeking to optimize smart classroom environments, thereby enhancing teaching quality and improving learning efficiency.