A Spatio-Temporal Overlap Narrative Experience Model for Archaeological Site Museums: A Case Study of the Panlongcheng Archaeological Site Museum

In the global trend of museums transitioning from static displays to digital, narrative, and experiential forms, heritage museums face challenges such as weakened cultural identity, insufficient emotional resonance, and the separation of reality and fiction. To address these issues, this study, based on the theory of spatial narrative, introduces the tripartite theory of spatial production to jointly construct a narrative experience model with overlapping time and space. By expanding the dimensions of time and space, it achieves a deep correspondence of virtual experiences, providing guidance for the virtual-real integration experience design of heritage museums. Methodologically, a combined approach of FAHP1-spatial syntax-FAHP2-FCE is adopted. Taking the Panlongcheng Heritage Museum as an example, with user experience needs as the starting point and the analysis results of the physical exhibition space as the basis, the heritage culture theme serves as the narrative thread, integrating into an experiential model with contextual virtual-real fusion. Finally, the design practice is verified through FCE. The results show that this model can optimize the virtual-real integration experience, enhance users’ cultural identity and emotional resonance, and provide beneficial insights for the digital and experiential transformation of heritage museums.