Comparative evaluation of microleakage and internal voids in class II restorations using open sandwich technique: An in vitro study.

The achievement of a durable and hermetic seal at the tooth restoration interface remains a significant challenge in restorative dentistry, particularly with Class II composite restorations. Therefore, it is of interest to compare microleakage and internal voids in Class II restorations using different intermediate materials in the open sandwich technique. The materials evaluated included ACTIVA Bioactive, Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cement (RMGIC), Smart Dentin Replacement (SDR) and a control group with nanohybrid composite. Data showed that ACTIVA Bioactive showed the least microleakage and void formation, followed by RMGIC and SDR. Thus, we show the superior performance of bioactive materials in improving marginal sealing and reducing void formation in composite restorations.