Perceived impact of a homeless shelter-based art program on stress, social connection, and emotional regulation: a mixed-methods pilot study.

Individuals experiencing homelessness often experience chronically high levels of stress that adds an additional challenge to their lives. Barriers such as stigma, distrust, and accessibility limit engagement with traditional mental health services. Art creation may offer an accessible, non-clinical complement to existing supports by creating space for emotional expression, reflection, and self-directed coping. This pilot study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and perceived impact of an art creation program for guests of a homeless shelter. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the program effects were evaluated based on 1) observations from session facilitators, 2) semi-structured interviews with shelter staff and leadership, and 3) pre and post-session participant surveys. Thematic analysis of facilitator reflections identified three primary themes: (1) art as a welcomed respite from institutional monotony, (2) structured art creation as a space for self-reflection and emotional expression, and (3) art as a catalyst for social connection. The third theme included subthemes highlighting how art-centered conversations fostered connection through shared experiences and supported vulnerability. Shelter staff reported increased spontaneous use of art materials outside structured sessions and perceived reductions in interpersonal conflict, suggesting broader cultural integration of art as a coping tool. Participant surveys demonstrated repeat participation, reduction in stress, and that many participants utilized skills gained during the sessions in their everyday life. This pilot study suggests that simple art creation sessions are well received by shelter guests and are associated with perceived stress reduction and increased usage of art as a coping strategy. Art-based interventions may represent a scalable, low-cost approach to complement existing behavioral health supports in shelter-based settings.