Navigating the data protection landscape in Saudi Arabia: policy effectiveness, barriers, and a strategic roadmap

The accelerated pace of digitalization has intensified the need for robust privacy and data protection measures to mitigate economic and security risks. This study examines the current landscape of data protection legislative frameworks and organizational policies in Saudi Arabia. Using a convergent mixed-methods approach, the research combines a systematic thematic analysis of six prominent public portals with a quantitative survey involving 200 professionals. The findings reveal that while Saudi organizations have established foundational policy frameworks, significant gaps persist in procedural clarity, contact channel disclosure, and third-party risk management. Statistical validation through Chi-square ( χ 2 ) tests highlights a critical ‘experience gap’ and systemic barriers, specifically regarding regulatory inconsistencies ( χ 2 = 11.6, p = 0.003) and Technological Limitations ( χ 2 = 14.8, p = 0.001). Based on these findings, the study proposes a six-pillar strategic roadmap designed to enhance regulatory compliance and foster a secure digital trust ecosystem in alignment with Saudi Vision 2030.