Histopathological spectrum of endometrial lesions in women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB): An observational study

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a frequently encountered gynecological condition affecting women across different age groups, particularly during the reproductive and postmenopausal periods. Histopathological assessment of the endometrium serves as a definitive method for identifying the underlying cause. Objectives: To evaluate the spectrum of endometrial histopathological findings in women presenting with AUB and to examine their distribution across various age groups. Methods: This observational study included 150 women presenting with AUB. Endometrial tissue samples were obtained using biopsy or curettage techniques and subsequently examined histopathologically. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: Proliferative endometrium was the most frequently observed finding (34%), followed by secretory endometrium (22%) and endometrial hyperplasia (18%). Endometrial carcinoma accounted for 6% of cases. A statistically significant association was identified between age group and type of endometrial lesion (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Histopathological evaluation of endometrial tissue is essential for determining the etiology of AUB. Early recognition of premalignant and malignant changes can facilitate timely intervention and improve clinical outcomes.