An extensive analysis of a supply chain inventory model in a finite planning period with demand variation and product deterioration

In this paper, we study an inventory framework for product deterioration under a finite planning horizon by incorporating time-dependent deterioration and trapezoidal demand patterns. To enhance realism, the proposed inventory framework reflects real-world market behaviour by integrating phase-wise demand variability and the continuous deterioration of stocked items throughout the planning period. The optimal solution variables are derived to maximize the system's aggregate profit. The essential aim of this model is to identify the most efficient inventory level and total cost that optimizes the overall inventory management. An illustrative example is provided to assess the effectiveness of the proposed framework under realistic conditions, and a sensitivity analysis is conducted to explore the responsiveness of the best possible solution to changes in the model's key parameters and to assess the stability of the framework. The obtained results confirm that demand variations and item deterioration are key factors affecting inventory efficiency and replenishment planning. The recommended study aims to generate some mathematical models that will minimize the annual total cost of the inventory. Mathematical equations are derived to model inventory fluctuations over the replenishment cycle, and the total profit function is developed by incorporating holding, ordering, deterioration, and other relevant costs. Consequently, the developed framework delivers practical managerial implications for the efficient management of deteriorating and perishable inventories, thereby enhancing operational efficiency and profitability in dynamic markets.