Barano Siswa Sulistyawan
Attempting to apply a sustainable landscape approach as a framework to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targets is a challenge for each country in the tropical region. This dissertation aims to reveal a pattern for implementing the approach through two main research questions, i.e., 1) How can sustainable land use in tropical forest landscapes be promoted to achieve national SDGs in the context of spatial planning? 2) What adaptations in current policies and institutions are needed to achieve sustainable land use in tropical forest landscapes? Two questions have been addressed in thesis chapters. The 2nd chapter illuminates spatial planning in Indonesia context, regarding the history of spatial planning evolution, the spatial planning system and the island spatial planning approach. 3rd chapter presents a case study for integrating community land into spatial planning in Merauke district. The main result from this study indicated that the total area adopted by the RTRW was about 69% of the important community area designated as cultural preservation areas. The rest of the important community areas were merged into land use allocations within two categories - that of protected areas (22%) and development areas (9%). In this case, 91% of the community areas were secured from other land use purposes for agriculture, mining, forestry, and infrastructure. The 4th chapter described a case for connecting the fragmented habitat of large mammals in the corridor RIMBA. The main finding was that there were 20 wildland blocks, and the total area of the corridor modelled, including wildland blocks, was calculated as about 0.77 million hectares. We have obtained an accurate quantitative measurement of the length of roads crossing the corridor, with a total of 417.78 km (artery 10.31 km; collector 19.52 km; and local 1987.9 km roads). The 5th chapter explained a case for valuing the policy for improving the protected forest Bukit Batabuh for water services, in corridor RIMBA. The important development shows that the community living near the protected forest Bukit Batabuh benefits due to improved upstream watershed and water storage management by the forestry sector. The highest aggregate benefit to the surrounding communities is associated with restoring riparian forest at US$ 2,473,851 (per year) by the total protected area, or to approximately US$ 30,1 per ha, with a rehabilitated upper water catchment at US$ 2,604,848 (per year) by the total protected area, or to approximately US$ 31,6 per ha, with improved water storage management at US$ 2,705,413 (per year). The 6th chapter is a case study on governance and institutionalising the corridor RIMBA landscape. The primary output of the five focus group discussions (FGDs), the questionnaires and the analysis used a context diagnostic approach (CDA) tool to explore the institutional setting of the corridor RIMBA (Riau, Jambi and Sumatera Barat) landscape. The main conclusions of this dissertation were that greening the implementation of spatial planning is best thought of as a lifecycle of the development process.